Trends of the Periodic Table

Experiment Question:

• What are the Trends of the Periodic Table?

Part 1: Little People Sort

In this activity you will be arranging the little people in a specific pattern that your group chooses.  Find as many trends/patterns as possible.  The more the better. 

Procedures:

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Data Analysis: What is your favorite color?

1. What are some of the physical properties of the little people that helped you organize the little people?

Some of the physical characteristics that helped us organize the little people were skin pattern, amount of arms, facial expression, skinniness, amount of fingers.

2. What ares the patterns/trends of the little people in each period?

Skinniness, Arms, fingers, and facial expression, skin type.

3. What ares the patterns/trends of the little people in each group?

Facial expressions, Arms, Skinniness, amount of fingers.

Part 2: Grouping the Elements to find Trends/Patterns

Use Pages 334 - 335, 338 - 341, 353 - 358 in your textbook to do this section of your wiki.

For each group of elements, you will need to: (there are 9 groups)

• Insert an image of the periodic table and circle the group of elements
• Name of the group (skip the transition metal group)
• Number of electrons in the outer level (also called valence electrons)?
• Do they give or take electrons?  How many do they give or take? (read page 354 - 355 to help you find out this answer)
• Number of electron rings/levels? (Hint: This number is different for each element in the group)
  • If you look at enough examples of drawings of atoms on pages 353 - 358 and compare it to where the element is located on the periodic table you can figure out this answer
• What Properties do they share?

Here is an example of how you can organize your work.  Remember, this is only an example and if you find another way your group likes, use it.

Group 1: Alkali Metals   1 electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives  1 valence electrons   2-7 electron rings What Properties do they share? They all react strongly with water and can be cut.

Group 2: Alkaline-earth Metals 2 electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives 2 valence electrons   2-6 electron rings What Properties do they Share? They are more dense than alkali metals, silver colored

Boron Group 3  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives 3  valence electrons   3-6 electron rings What Properties do they Share? They all contain some aluminum.

Carbon Group

Group 2:Carbon group 4  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives 4  valence electrons   2-6 electron rings What Properties do they Share? Used to make silicon chips.

Nitrogen group

Group 2: Nitrogen Group 5  electrons in the outer level   Take 3 valence electrons.   2-6  electron rings What Properties do they Share? Makes up 80% of the air we breathe.

Oxygen group

Group 2: Oxygen Group 6  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Takes 2 valence electrons   2-6  electron rings What Properties do they Share? Necessary to burn things.

Halogens

Group 2: Alkaline-earth Metals 7  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Takes 1  valence electrons   2-6 electron rings What Properties do they Share? They are all very reactive.

Noble Gases

Group 2: Alkaline-earth Metals 8  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives 0  valence electrons   2-6 electron rings What Properties do they Share? These are unreactive nonmetals.

Hydrogen

Group 2: Alkaline-earth Metals 1  electrons in the outer level (valence electrons) Give or Take valence electrons.  Gives 7  valence electrons   1 electron rings What Properties do they Share? Does not share any properties with any other object.

Data Analysis:
1. List all the trends/patterns that you have noticed in each Period?  The more you notice, the better.

• atomic size, ionic size, ionization energy, tendencies to lose and gain electrons, electron affinity, and chemical reactivity.

2. List all the trends/patterns that you have noticed in each Group?  The more you notice, the better.

• chemical reactivity

Related Links:link 1 link 2 link 3

Summary: Your summary should include:

1. A description of what you did in this experiment.
2. Answer the experiment question, which is stated at the top.
3. Be at least 4 to 5 sentences.